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First off, memory is counted in powers of 2 (2, 4, 8, 16, etc). 2^10 = 1024 = 1k (kilo = 1000) Second, there are bits and bytes - a bit is a single piece of information (0 or 1 and denoted as lower-case b) and a byte is 8 of those pieces (such as 11001001 and denoted as upper-case B). Read from right to left and each position is two to that power - the first position is 0 (computers start counting with 0, not 1) and 2^0=1, the next is 1 and 2^1=2, etc. To visualize this another way: 128 . 64 . 32 . 16 . 8 . 4 . 2 . 1 To convert a binary number (such as 01100100) to decimal (base 10, the counting system we all use) is done by multiplying the numbers in the line above by the 0 or 1 in the same position and adding the result. Thus the binary number 01100100 is 128*0 + 64*1 + 32*1 + 16*0 + 8*0 + 4*1 + 2*0 + 1*0 = 100 in decimal. A full byte (11111111) is 255 which is 2^8-1. Larger than that you use another byte which would then be 2^16-1, etc. A four-byte number would be 2^32-1 or 4,294,967,295. Each letter of the alphabet (and numbers, punctuation and some assorted characters) can be expressed in a single byte; the encoding used is called ASCII. a=97=1100001 A=64=1000000 So 1K of memory is 1024B (bytes) or 1024 characters or numbers (it's actually not that simple since large numbers can take several bytes, but I'm keeping it easy for you). 10k is 10,240 100k is 102,400 1000k is 1,024,000 and this is one mega denoted as M 10M is 10,240,000 100M is 102,400,000 1000M is 1,024,000,000 and this is one giga denoted as G 10G is 10,240,000,000 100G is 102,400,000,000 1000G is 1,024,000,000,000 and this is one tera denoted as T Memory (both RAM and hard drive space) is typically counted in bytes; bits are typically referred to when measuring line transmission speed. Remember, the case is significant; in your subject you asked about 1tb or 1gb; taken literally you're asking about bits - what you meant was 1TB or 1GB. So 1GB of memory is 1,024,000,000 bytes, or 1,024,000,000 individual numbers, letters or other characters (not including asian which uses two bytes to express a single character). Now... where this gets confusing is that there are two ways expressing this. The above is the layman's method and easily understood and remembered. The other way is how computers actually work and is to add up strictly using powers of 2. In this, a megabyte is 2^20 = 1,048,576, a gigabyte is 2^30=1,073,741,824, a a terbyte = 2^40=1,099,511,627,776. Obviously capacity is different depending on which system is used; Seagate (a hard drive manufacturer) lost a court case some years ago for false advertising because they mixed the two.